{"id":3588,"date":"2020-11-24T13:20:48","date_gmt":"2020-11-24T12:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topo4d.be\/lod-et-loa-de-quoi-sagit-il\/"},"modified":"2026-07-17T10:04:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T08:04:59","slug":"lod-et-loa-de-quoi-sagit-il","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topo4d.be\/fr\/lod-et-loa-de-quoi-sagit-il\/","title":{"rendered":"LOD et LOA, de quoi s\u2019agit-il ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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LOD et LOA, de quoi s\u2019agit-il ?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Le LOD (level of detail) et le LOA (level of accuracy) sont utilis\u00e9s dans le monde du BIM et peuvent servir de normes pour d\u00e9terminer les niveaux de d\u00e9tail des dessins, ou pour fixer des accords sur une pr\u00e9cision requise.<\/p>

Nous vous apportons quelques pr\u00e9cisions.<\/p>

Level of Detail<\/h2>

La collaboration entre diff\u00e9rentes parties et entreprises n\u2019est pas toujours ais\u00e9e. La communication ne se d\u00e9roule pas toujours comme souhait\u00e9, et le monde actuel, avec la distanciation sociale et les r\u00e9unions en ligne, ne facilite pas les choses. Ainsi, il peut parfois \u00eatre plus simple et plus clair de communiquer sur la base des niveaux LOD, surtout dans l\u2019univers actuel du BIM (Building Information Model) o\u00f9 la collaboration est centrale. Ces niveaux LOD peuvent \u00eatre convenus et fix\u00e9s contractuellement pour d\u00e9terminer le niveau de d\u00e9tail avec lequel un \u00e9l\u00e9ment doit \u00eatre mesur\u00e9 ou dessin\u00e9. <\/p>

Il existe ainsi diff\u00e9rents niveaux de d\u00e9tail ; vous trouverez ci-dessous une br\u00e8ve explication des LOD 000, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500.<\/p>

LOD 000<\/strong><\/h2>

Objets spatiaux (espaces, volumes) li\u00e9s aux fonctions d\u2019usage avec des dimensions globales et des relations mutuelles. Des informations non g\u00e9om\u00e9triques peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9es aux objets spatiaux, telles que les fonctions d\u2019usage et les sp\u00e9cifications spatiales fonctionnelles correspondantes. <\/p>

LOD 100<\/strong><\/h2>

Mod\u00e9lisation de la masse du b\u00e2timent de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 donner une image de l\u2019organisation spatiale au niveau des grappes de fonctions d\u2019usage, de l\u2019emprise au sol, de l\u2019emprise par \u00e9tage, de la hauteur, du volume, de l\u2019implantation sur le terrain et de l\u2019orientation.<\/p>

LOD 200<\/strong><\/h2>

Objets spatiaux (espaces) li\u00e9s aux fonctions d\u2019usage, incluant les dimensions globales, l\u2019orientation et les relations mutuelles. Objets mat\u00e9riels mod\u00e9lis\u00e9s comme des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de construction g\u00e9n\u00e9riques avec des dimensions, quantit\u00e9s, formes, emplacements et orientations globaux. Des informations non g\u00e9om\u00e9triques peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9es aux objets. <\/p>

LOD 300<\/strong><\/h2>

Objets spatiaux (espaces) avec des dimensions et une orientation exactes. Les objets mat\u00e9riels sont mat\u00e9rialis\u00e9s et pr\u00e9cis en termes de quantit\u00e9s (d\u00e9ductibles), de dimensions, de forme, d\u2019emplacement et d\u2019orientation. Des informations non g\u00e9om\u00e9triques sont associ\u00e9es aux objets. <\/p>

LOD 400<\/strong><\/h2>

Les objets sont mat\u00e9rialis\u00e9s et pr\u00e9cis en termes de quantit\u00e9s (d\u00e9ductibles), de dimensions, de forme, d\u2019emplacement et d\u2019orientation, et contiennent des informations compl\u00e8tes pour le d\u00e9tail, la fabrication des composants en usine et l\u2019ex\u00e9cution\/le montage sur le chantier. Des informations non g\u00e9om\u00e9triques sont associ\u00e9es aux objets. <\/p>

LOD 500<\/strong><\/h2>

Les objets sont mod\u00e9lis\u00e9s tels qu\u2019ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9ellement ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s. Le mod\u00e8le est pr\u00e9cis en termes de dimensions, de forme, d\u2019emplacement, de quantit\u00e9s et d\u2019orientation. Des informations non g\u00e9om\u00e9triques sont associ\u00e9es aux objets. <\/p>

Level of Accuracy<\/h2>

Tout comme il existe une subdivision pour les niveaux de d\u00e9tail possibles, il en existe une pour la pr\u00e9cision.<\/p>

Ceux-ci d\u00e9finissent avec quelle pr\u00e9cision un \u00e9l\u00e9ment donn\u00e9 doit \u00eatre repr\u00e9sent\u00e9.<\/p>

La pr\u00e9cision est toutefois un concept large, li\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la m\u00e9thode de mesure et \u00e0 la repr\u00e9sentation apr\u00e8s le traitement des donn\u00e9es.<\/p>

C\u2019est pourquoi il peut \u00eatre utile, lors de la livraison de plans \u00e0 obtenir par exemple, de demander un rapport LOD d\u2019un relev\u00e9.<\/p>

Dans de nombreux logiciels BIM, il s\u2019agit d\u2019un document disponible automatiquement apr\u00e8s le traitement, o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9tat existant est compar\u00e9 au dessin.<\/p>

Voici un exemple pour plus de clart\u00e9<\/p>

LOA20<\/h2>

Cela tient compte d\u2019un \u00e9cart autoris\u00e9 d\u2019au moins 95 % des points obtenus entre 1,5 cm et 5 cm par rapport \u00e0 la situation r\u00e9elle.<\/p>

C\u2019est, par exemple, souvent demand\u00e9 pour les murs ; m\u00eame si ceux-ci sont rarement parfaitement droits, cela reste tout \u00e0 fait r\u00e9alisable.<\/p>

Les autres niveaux LOA sont clairement repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s dans le sch\u00e9ma ci-dessous.<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

Plus le niveau LOA est \u00e9lev\u00e9, plus la pr\u00e9cision est grande, mais plus le travail et le temps n\u00e9cessaires pour l\u2019atteindre sont importants.<\/p>

Fixez-les donc toujours bien \u00e0 l\u2019avance pour \u00e9viter les surprises.<\/p>

Des questions \u00e0 ce sujet ?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContactez-nous ! <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le LOD (level of detail) et le LOA (level of accuracy) sont utilis\u00e9s dans le monde du BIM et peuvent servir de normes pour d\u00e9terminer les niveaux de d\u00e9tail des dessins, ou pour fixer des accords sur une pr\u00e9cision requise.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3589,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nLOD et LOA : de quoi s\u2019agit-il ? | TOPO4D<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Que signifient LOD et LOA ? 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